INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: ATHEROSCLEROTIC (SA) IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DEATH IN ALL INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES, AND HIGH PLASMA LIPID LEVELS (CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDES) ARE ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT CAUSES OF THIS DISEASE. IN THE PAST, THREE MEMBERS OF THE ABCG FAMILY (ABCG4, ABCG5 AND ABCG8) HAVE SHOWN THEIR ROLE IN TRANSPORTING STEROLS ACROSS MEMBRANES. THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF TWO TYPES EXERCISE (HIT AND AEROBIC) ON PBMN ABCG4, ABCG5 AND ABCG8 GENE EXPRESSION IN FEMALE ATHLETES.MATERIALS AND METHODS: TWENTY FOUR FEMALE ATHLETES FROM KHORASAN WERE RANDOMLY SELECTED AND ASSIGNED INTO THREE GROUPS: CONTROL (N=8), AEROBIC (N=8) AND HIT (N=8). BLOOD SAMPLES OF SUBJECTS WERE COLLECTED BEFORE AND IMMEDIATELY AFTER EXERCISE SESSIONS. AFTER PBMN CELLS WERE SEPARATED AND M-RNA PURIFICATION CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION WAS PERFORMED BY REAL-TIME-PCR. DATA WAS ANALYZED BY PAIRED SAMPLE T TEST, ONE-WAY ANOVA AND TUKEY TESTS.RESULTS: RESULTS SHOWED THAT EXPRESSION OF PBMN ABCG4, ABCG5 AND ABCG8, M-RNA WAS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED FOLLOWING A SINGLE-SESSION EXERCISE IN HIT AND AEROBIC GROUPS, BUT CHANGES BETWEEN THE TWO TRAINING GROUPS WERE NOT SIGNIFICANT.CONCLUSION: A SINGLE-SESSION EXERCISE IN HIT AND AEROBIC LEAD TO INCREASED TRANSFEROR ABCG4, ABCG5 AND ABCG8 WHICH CAN BE A SIGN OF THE POSITIVE IMPACT OF BOTH EXERCISES IN PREVENTING ATHEROSCLEROSIS.